Ukuqalisa
Njengoba ukukhathazeka kwezemvelo namazinga okuphepha kokudla kuyaqhubeka ukukhuphuka, izimiso kuIziqukathi Zokudla Kweplastikiziya ngokuya ziqine ku-EU nase-US. Kwabangenisi, ukuhlala kuze kube manje emithethweni yokupakisha yakamuva yokudla kungasiza ukugwema ukubambezeleka kwamasiko, inhlawulo, noma umkhiqizo uyakhumbula. Le ndatshana izokwethula kafushane imithetho efanelekile yaseYurophu neyaseMelika ukusiza umkhiqizo wakho ukungena emakethe kahle.
Kungani Imithethonqubo Eziqubeni Zokuthatha Ukwenza Okunzima
Ukukhathazeka ngemvelo nokushintsha okuthandwa ngumthengi kushayela imithetho eqinile ezitsheni zepulasitiki zokuthatha. Ipulasitiki esetshenziswayo eyodwa ivame ukuphelela ezindaweni ezihlahleni nasekugcwalisweni komhlaba, okuholela ekungcoleni okukhulu. Ephendula, ohulumeni abaningi baye bethule imikhawulo yepulasitiki kanye nemikhawulo ekuphangethweni okungasebenzi kabusha.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukufunwa okukhulayo kokupakishwa okuzinzile kucindezela amabhizinisi ukuze amukele izinto ezibonakalayo ze-biodergradable nezenziwe kabusha. Lokhu kuguqulwa akukuqhubi okuqhutshwa yimakethe kuphela kodwa futhi kwaholela kwinqubomgomo. E-EU, ukufakwa imfucumfucu kanye nokupakisha imfucumfucu kubeka amazinga acacile wokuphinda usebenzise kabusha futhi kukhawulele izinto eziyingozi. E-US, izifundazwe eziningi ziye zazisa imithetho yazo yokulawula izinto zokwenziwa kanye nokulebula, ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwendilinga kokupakishwa.
Lezi zinguquko zibonisa ukuthambekela komhlaba wonke ziye ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo, okwenza ukuhambisana nomsebenzi okuthi abangenisi nabakhiqizi kumele banake.
Imithetho ye-EU ngeziqukathi zepulasitiki zokuthatha amapulasitiki
E-EU, iziqukathi zeplastiki zokuthatha ipulasitiki kufanele zihambisane nemithetho ebalulekile eminingana:
• Ukupakishwa kanye nokupakisha imfucumfucu (94/62 / EC)
Dinga ukuthi ukupakishwa kubuye kube kabusha noma kuyamangaza futhi kukhawulelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo nezinto eziyingozi.
• I-Plastics Esebenzisa I-Plastics Directive (EU 2019/904)
Ukuvimbela izinto ezithile zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswayo (njenge-EPS foam) futhi zibeka izidingo zokulebula, ukuklama, kanye nokuncishiswa kwemfucuza.
• Umthethonqubo wokuxhumana wokudla (EU 10/2011)
Kudinga ukuhlolwa kokufuduka, okufana nomkhawulo wokufuduka okuphelele (oml) kanye nemikhawulo ethile yokufuduka (i-SML), ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho zinto eziyingozi ezidlulisela ekudleni.
Imithethonqubo yase-US ngeziqukathi zeplastiki zokuthatha ipulasitiki
E-US, imithethonqubo yehluka ngohulumeni, kepha kunezidingo ezibalulekile zombuso kanye nezasendaweni okufanele ucabangele:
• I-FDA yokuxhumana yokudla yokudla (21 CFR)
Zonke iziqukathi zokudla zepulasitiki kumele zisebenzise izinto ezivunyelwe yi-FDA ukuze zitholwe ngokudla futhi zihlangabezane nemikhawulo yokufuduka.
• Ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki le-state-level
Izwe njengeCalifornia, eNew York, no-Oregon bavimba noma imikhawulo ezintweni ezithile zepulasitiki futhi badinga ezinye izindlela ezisetshenziswayo noma ezikhohlisayo.
Ukulebula kanye nezidingo zemibhalo zokungenisa ngaphakathi
Abangenisi kumele balungiselele amadokhumenti afanele kanye nokuthola amalebula ukuhlangabezana namazinga alawulayo. E-EU, isimemezelo sokuvumelana (i-Doc) siyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithethonqubo efana ne-EU 10/2011, kanye nokumaka okucacile kwe-CE (uma kusebenza) kanye nokumenyezelwa okucacile okubonisa uhlobo lwepulasitiki nokubuyiselwa kwalo. Emakethe yase-US, abangenisi kufanele banikeze incwadi ye-FDA yesiqinisekiso sokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokwakha zihlangabezana nezidingo zokuxhumana zokudla ze-FDA, kanye nemibiko yokuhlolwa efanelekile, njengokuhlolwa kokufuduka okufana novivinyo lokufuduka. Ezifundeni zombili, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amalebula wezilimi ezimbili okubandakanya ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, amakhodi wokuphinda asebenze kabusha, kanye nemiyalo yokusebenzisa ukuqinisekisa ukucaca nokusekela ukuhambisana nokusekelwa.
Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi iziqukathi zakho zokuthatha ipulasitiki ziyahambisana
Ukuze uzulazule kangcono izidingo zokulawula futhi wenze lula ukufinyelela okubushelelezi kwemakethe, abangenisi bangathatha lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
1. Sebenza ngomenzi ojwayelene nemithetho yemakethe eqondiwe
Ukusebenzisana nabaphakeli abaqonda amazinga okulandela ama-EU noma ama-US Gotcinals angagcina isikhathi futhi anciphise amaphutha abizayo.
2. Yenza ukuhlola komuntu wesithathu
Sebenzisa ama-labs agunyaziwe njenge-SGS, i-Intertek, noma i-TÜV ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokudla, imikhawulo yokufuduka, kanye nokuthobela imvelo.
3. Gcina izitifiketi kanye nemibhalo esesikhathini
Buyekeza njalo futhi uvuselele isimemezelo sokuvumelana, izinhlamvu ze-FDA, nemibiko yokuhlola ukuze uhlale uqondaniswe nemithetho evelayo.
4. Khetha izinto ezisetshenziswayo noma ze-biodegradable
Usebenzisa izinto ezizinzile azihlali nje kuphela okulindelwe ngumthengi kodwa futhi kunciphisa ubungozi bokungalandeli ngaphansi kwezinqubomgomo zokunciphisa ipulasitiki.
Amazolumbo
Q1: Ngingakwazi ukuthumela iziqukathi zezilwane zasekhaya e-EU?
A1: Yebo, uma behlangana nemigomo ye-EU futhi baphase izivivinyo ezidingekayo.
Q2: Yiziphi izinto zokwakha ezivinjelwe ngaphansi komyalelo we-EU SUP?
I-A2: Izinto ezinjenge-cutlery yepulasitiki, amapuleti, amapuleti, ama-cotton efihlekile, nezinye iziqukathi ze-polystyrene zivinjelwe.
Q3: Ngabe ngidinga isitifiketi se-FDA ukuthumela e-US?
I-A3: Akukho sitifiketi esisemthethweni, kepha udinga incwadi ye-FDA yemibiko yokuhlolwa kwesiqinisekiso nemiphumela yokuhambisana.
Ukugcina
I-EU ne-US basethe uchungechunge lwemithetho yokuphepha kokudla. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziqukathi zokuthatha amapulasitiki zihlangabezana namazinga okuhambisana nokungeniswa kwezingeniso kufanele ziqonde ngokugcwele le mithetho efanele. Njengomenzi we-Plastice Plansir Plansir Plastic, i-YangGrui inikezela ngezixazululo ezithembekile ezivumelanisa nezidingo zamazwe omhlaba.Xhumana nathiManje ngamabhokisi asemini aphezulu aphelele epulasitiki.